Everything about Carbon Disulfide totally explained
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| Hazards = Highly flammable
CNS toxicant
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Carbon disulfide is a colorless,
volatile liquid with the
formula CS
2. The compound is used frequently as a building block in
organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar
solvent. It has an "
ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated with foul-smelling impurities.
Occurrence and manufacture
Small amounts of carbon disulfide are released by
volcanic eruptions and
marshes. CS
2 once was manufactured by combining
carbon (or
coke) and
sulfur at high temperatures. A lower temperature reaction, requiring only 600 °C utilizes
natural gas as the carbon source in the presence of
silica gel or
alumina catalysts:
» :3 CS
2 + 4 Na → Na
2C
3S
5 + Na
2S
Direct electrochemical reduction affords the tetrathiooxalate anion:
» :2 CS
2 + 2e
- → C
2S
42-
Chlorination
Chlorination of CS
2 is the principal route to
carbon tetrachloride:
Commercial Availability
CS
2, being highly flammable and having one of the lowest autoignition temperatures, can't be transported easily using commercial means. Worldwide exports of this chemical are negligible.
Pressurized Liquid Nitrogen Based Sample
Johnson Matthey's sister company
Alfa Aesar was the first company to introduce carbon disulfide in the form of pressurized bottle containing a solution of pressurized nitrogen, coupling agent, stablizer, and carbon disulfide, with an active carbon disulfide content of 85%. Dilution with nitrogen rendered contents nonflammable. In 2007
Alfa Aesar stopped selling carbon disulfide samples.
Health effects
At very high levels, carbon disulfide may be life-threatening because it affects the
nervous system. Significant safety data come from the viscose rayon Industry, where both carbon disulfide as well as small amounts of
H2S may be present.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Carbon Disulfide'.
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